1. The supply issue of electric haul trucks

To completely electrify the entirety of Australia's haul truck fleet by 2050, miners would need to begin purchasing 50 electric haul trucks every month starting today.

2. Current fleets still have long asset lives

More than 50% of trucks have 10+ years of life left - presenting a large waste of capital if these fleets must be dumped for more carbon effective vehicles.

3. Full electrification requires large operational shifts

Mines are designed to cost effectively ensure constant operation - with truck routes, down time and the labour force deployed to optimise for production. To ensure production continues in a battery electric world, operations will need to be designed and adapted.

4. Trolley systems and charging infrastructure is expensive

Particularly given that charging infrastructure is most efficient when it is embedded within mine planning at the start of mines, miners need to assess the budget for these electric solutions.

5. Hydrogen while technically feasible, is exposed to costs

Currently, the prices of hydrogen are currently exorbitantly higher than diesel per kWh.

This leaves a requirement for modifying the diesel use of today's fleet in a way that does not impact current operations. Hybridisation has emerged as a practical, cost effective step to achieving up to 30% reduction in diesel fuel usage before 2030.